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双凤场会龙庄
双凤场会龙庄简介
位于四面山景区双凤场的会龙庄是重庆最大的碉楼,有“西南第一庄”之称。会龙庄坐西朝北,整个庄园占地面积约为2.1万平方米,现存一大一小两碉楼、16座院落和18口天井,1084扇门,共有202个屋舍错落有致的镶嵌其中。满园亭台楼阁曾经全是雕梁画柱、绘彩描金,整个庄园规模宏大、气势磅礴、华贵典雅、森严威凛。
碉楼,是一种用于防守和瞭望的建筑。放眼巴渝大地,江津会龙庄碉楼在百余年前算得上是重庆的高层建筑,其建筑水平至今都令专家拍案叫绝。黄色的碉楼是会龙庄最醒目的建筑,其有5层共计38米高,为全土木结构,墙体厚度达半米以上,是目前重庆保存下来的最高的碉楼。庄园由王氏家族从嘉庆七年开修,到民国七年完工,共经历了六代人、116个年头才全部建造完成。
会龙庄的由来有两种说法,一种是王氏家族所建,而如今的庄园内仍是住着王氏家族后人王其礼,他是王氏家族第13代传人。据其介绍,王氏先人原籍是湖北麻城县孝感,在清代有四辈担任押运使,后因押运途中将国宝丢失,为避免诛连九族,先辈王仕文令家眷向西逃难,自己则留在家里顶罪。王妻有孕在身,和家人在几名忠仆随从的保护下,从湖北潜逃来到江津双凤,生下儿子王文杰,这才在双凤安家。后来,王家日渐发迹,其说法至今很多。 一说:王文杰学会阴阳八卦,帮地主买卖土地赚了大钱;二说,王文杰赌艺惊人,靠-而发家;三说,王文杰把湖北带来的金银变卖买地。据说最红火时,王家的地盘南接贵州,西接合江县,东靠綦江,北到江津的李市镇,人称“王半县”。当时,王家一年收租千余担。上了年纪的村民都记得,清末民初每逢春节,全县的“叫花子”都会慕名而来。王家年年开仓济民行善广为人知,已是不成文的规矩。
当年王家的富足非同一般,甚至惹得贵州北部的土匪“棒0”患了红眼病。清末民初,曾有千余土匪围攻会龙庄一月之久。土匪人数虽多,但奈何火功无效,炮攻乏力,碉楼更是刀枪不入,久攻不下。而大小碉楼内的乡丁不断反击,令土匪伤亡无数,落败而逃。时至今日,庄园大门上还留有无数的刀斧、弹痕印迹。
今日庄外西侧一角,王文杰的大墓就栖息在阡陌间,多年来盗墓者不断光临,大墓只残存一半,坟头长满芦苇,但墓碑上刻画的龙凤仍入目三分,左侧“秀水”、“永恒”清晰可见,依稀可见王家当年的风光。
会龙庄由来的另一种说法则认为,王氏家族不过为其守护家族而已,真正的拥有者应为清代巨贪和珅!何以这么说?
首先,重庆目前出土有十余件清代乾隆年间御用物品,其中有一半来自江津,而这一半则均出自于会龙庄中。试想,一个深藏深山的庄园,一家毫无名气和历史的家族如何能同时拥有如此之多的乾隆御用物品?而清代最有可能得到大量乾隆御用物品的臣子,必然为乾隆视为知己的和珅!
其次,会龙庄的整体布局在清代来说非常大胆,甚至可以说是有谋逆造反之心,足可以株连全族!会龙庄建筑布局如何?完全按照紫禁城的中轴线布局修建,以118根整石条修建庄园,而据考证,该庄园所用之整石在四面山周围并不盛产,当今工匠在现代化工具下,1人临摹打造一块也要一年以上。这118根整条石在无任何现代工具下,其打造将是一项极为浩大的工程!而在这些整条石中,甚至还有未来得及安装华表的石柱!
庄园大门处更有两幅气势恢弘吞天下的楹联:
正面横批:会龙庄;上联:千古宫墙丽日祥云照耀;下联:万方礼乐太和元气流行。
背面横批:龙吟凤舞;上联:楼阁高耸庭院森森长廊玉階迎宝朋;下联:古楠参天溪水潺潺高墙白屋映斜阳。
由此可见修建此庄园之人财力之雄厚,且胆大包天。
再次,当年会龙庄周边曾有楠木2万余株,每株均须3人以上合抱般大小。然而,几乎所有楠木均在当年修建成渝铁路时,被砍伐用做了枕木,如今留下的,仅有数棵而已,让人唏嘘不已。一处庄园周边拥有如此众多、庞大的楠木,亦可以看出庄园住人的财力非常人可比拟。
最后,会龙庄的给排水系统为一绝,其排水口至今是谜!会龙庄至今未出现枯水情况,也从未因降雨过多造成庄中积涝的情况,雨水均会通过庄内的排水系统排出,曾有人做过实验,以白纸、烟灰等物丢入排水系统,随后在会龙庄周边甚至山下寻找排水出口,但并未找到。几百年来,会龙庄的排水系统从未堵塞,同如今中国很多城市大雨后出现“看海”奇景相比,其建筑智慧仍值得我们深入学习借鉴。
如今幽幽漫步会龙庄,让人流连忘返、遐思不已。那种“自古英雄皆若是,从来俊杰殆如斯”的感叹就会一涌而上,那种似梦一般缥缈的皇宫感觉将令你回味无穷…
景区地址:重庆江津去柏林镇双凤场
乘车线路:重庆龙头寺汽车乘直达四面山的班车可达;重庆乘开往江津的班车,到江律客运中心再换乘前往四面山班车可达。
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- [ ROUTE ] array (
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'module' =>
array (
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1 => 'index',
2 => 'index',
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'accept' => '*/*',
'host' => 'www.diming5.com',
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- [ LANG ] /www/wwwroot/diming5.com/public/../app/dm/lang/zh-cn/common.php
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- [ DB ] INIT mysql
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- [ LANG ] /www/wwwroot/diming5.com/public/../app/dm/lang/zh-cn/home.php
- [ BEHAVIOR ] Run cmf\behavior\HomeLangBehavior @home_init [ RunTime:0.000377s ]
- [ RUN ] app\spot\controller\IndexController->index[ /www/wwwroot/diming5.com/app/spot/controller/IndexController.php ]
- [ VIEW ] themes/mobile/spot/index/index.html [ array (
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1 => 'url',
2 => 'city',
3 => 'food',
4 => 'spot',
5 => 'theme_vars',
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'auto_start' => true,
)
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- [ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `dm_spot` WHERE `id` = 486639 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000275s ]
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